Tube map - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The Tube map is a schematictransit map of the lines, stations and services of London's public transit systems. ![]() ![]() The London Underground is the base of the map (which it is named after), but the map also includes the Docklands Light Railway and the London Overground network. In newer versions, the Emirates Air Line cable car, Tf. L Rail and sometimes the London Tramlink are included. As a schematic diagram, it does not show the geographic locations but rather the relative positions of the stations, lines, the stations' connective relations, and fare zones. The basic design concepts have been widely adopted for other network maps around the world,[1] and for maps of other sorts of transport networks and even conceptual schematics.[2] The precursor for the current map was first designed by Harry Beck in 1. A regularly updated version of the tube map is available from the official Tf. ![]() L website.[4]History[edit]Early maps[edit]As London's transit network used to be a collection of independent companies, there were no full maps of the system, only ones for the individual companies. These maps were usually not schematic and were just the line overlaid on a regular city map. There was no integration of the companies' services, nor was there any co- operaton in advertising. The first combined map was published in 1. Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL) in conjunction with four other underground railway companies using the "Underground" brand as part of a common advertising factor.[5]The map showed eight lines – four operated by the UERL and one from each of the other four companies: Being geographically- based presented restrictions in this early map; to enable sufficient clarity of detail in the crowded central area of the map, the extremities of the District and Metropolitan lines were omitted, so a full network diagram was not provided. The problem of truncation remained for nearly half a century. Although all of the western branches of the District and Piccadilly lines were included for the first time in 1. Harry Beck's first map, the portion of the Metropolitan line beyond Rickmansworth did not appear until 1. District line did not appear on the map until the mid- 1. The route map continued to be developed and was issued in various formats and artistic styles until 1. Mac. Donald Gill.[6] This freed the design to enable greater flexibility in the positioning of lines and stations. The routes became more stylised but the arrangement remained, largely, geographic in nature. The 1. 93. 2 edition was the last geographic map to be published, before the diagrammatic map was introduced. Beck's maps[edit]The first diagrammatic map of London's rapid transit network was designed by Harry Beck in 1. Beck was a London Underground employee who realised that because the railway ran mostly underground, the physical locations of the stations were irrelevant to the traveller wanting to know how to get to one station from another — only the topology of the railway mattered. This approach is similar to that of electrical circuit diagrams; while these were not the inspiration for Beck's maps, his colleagues pointed out the similarities and he once produced a joke map with the stations replaced by electrical circuit symbols and names, with terminology such as "Bakerlite" for the Bakerloo line.[7]To this end, Beck devised a simplified map, consisting of stations, straight line segments connecting them, and the River Thames; lines ran only vertically, horizontally, or on 4. To make the map clearer and to emphasise connections, Beck differentiated between ordinary stations (marked just with tick marks) and interchange stations (marked with diamonds). London Underground was initially sceptical of his proposal — it was an uncommissioned spare- time project, and it was tentatively introduced to the public in a small pamphlet in 1. It immediately became popular, and the Underground has used topological maps to illustrate the network ever since. Despite the complexity of making the map, Beck was paid just ten guineas for the artwork and design of the card edition (five guineas for the poster).[8] After its initial success, he continued to design the Underground map until 1. Hans Scheger being the exception.[9] During this time, as well as accommodating new lines and stations, Beck continually altered the design, for example changing the interchange symbol from a diamond to a circle, as well as altering the line colours – the Central line from orange to red, and the Bakerloo line from red to brown. Beck's final design, in 1. Beck lived in Finchley and one of his maps is still preserved on the southbound platform at Finchley Central station on the Northern line.[1. In 1. 99. 7, Beck's importance was posthumously recognised, and currently (2. This diagram is an evolution of the original design conceived in 1. Harry Beck' is printed on every London Underground map. Monster Machines Coloring Pack. Get ready for the next big thing. Blaze and the Monster Machines is coming to Nickelodeon October 13 at 12 PM. Weekdays on NICK. Preschool Express. A FREE on-line early learning activity newsletter for parents and grandparents of preschool children. Written by Jean Warren author of Piggyback. ![]() Bamboo core fitness: thrive in the modern world move often. eat well. live free. Welcome to the English on Tour video English course! Enjoy our cool songs, games and quizzes to help you practise and improve your English. Join the pop. ![]() ![]() After Beck[edit]. Unofficial map of zone 1, showing more correct geographic locations of the lines. By 1. 96. 0, Beck had fallen out with the Underground's publicity officer, Harold Hutchison. Hutchison, though not a designer himself, drafted his own version of the Tube map that year. It removed the smoothed corners of Beck's design and created some highly cramped areas (most notably, around Liverpool Street station); in addition, lines were generally less straight.[1. However, Hutchison also introduced interchange symbols (circles for Underground- only, squares for connections with British Rail) that were black and allowed multiple lines through them, as opposed to Beck who used one circle for each line at an interchange, coloured according to the corresponding line. In 1. 96. 4, the design of the map was taken over by Paul Garbutt who, like Beck, had produced a map in his spare time due to his dislike of the Hutchison design. Garbutt's map restored curves and bends to the diagram, but retained Hutchison's black interchange circles (the squares however were replaced with circles with a dot inside). Garbutt continued to produce Underground maps for at least another twenty years — Tube maps stopped bearing the designer's name in 1. While the standard Tube map mostly avoided representing mainline rail services, a new variant of the map issued in 1. London's Railways' map, was the first to depict Tube and surface rail services in a diagrammatic style closely matched to Beck's designs. This version was created by Tim Demuth of the London Transport publicity office and was jointly sponsored by British Rail and London Transport. Demuth's map did not replace the standard Tube map but continued to be published as a supplementary resource, later known as the 'London Connections' map.[1. Some alterations have been made to the map over the years. More recent designs have incorporated changes to the network, such as the Docklands Light Railway and the extension of the Jubilee line. It has also been expanded to include certain rail lines not part of the Underground network (see below), and to indicate which Tube stops connect with National Rail services, rail links to airports, and river boats. In some cases, stations within short walking distance are now shown, often with the distance between them (this is an evolution of the pedestrian route between Bank–Monument station, which was once prominently marked on the map). Further, step- free access notations are also incorporated in the map. In addition, since 2. Nevertheless, the map remains true to Beck's original scheme, and many other transport systems use schematic maps to represent their services, likely inspired by Beck. Despite there having been many versions over the years, somehow the perception of many users is that the current map actually is, more or less, Beck's original version from the 1. Beck did actually draw versions with other formats, 2. ½ degrees rather than 4. Paris Métro version uses 2. ½ degrees as a base); and an unused version for the 1. Olympic Games. One of the major changes to be made to the revision of the Tube map put out in September 2. River Thames. Although historically the river was not present on several official maps (for example, according to David Leboff and Tim Demuth's book; in 1. Mac. Donald Gill). The Thames- free 2. Tube map since the Stringemore pocket map of 1. This latest removal resulted in widespread international media attention,[1. Londoners as well as from mayor. Boris Johnson.[1. Based on this reaction, the following edition of the diagram in December 2. In more recent years, Tf. L has expanded its rail services, notably with the launch of the London Overground network, which has taken over a number of National Rail lines and brought them into the Tf. L network, each of these converted lines being successively added to the Tube map. Further graphical additions have been made to the map, such as the inclusion of disability access symbols onto stations, the addition of the Emirates Air Line and the boundaries of fare zones. Some commentators have suggested that Beck's design should be replaced with a new design that can incorporate the new lines more comfortably.[1. Technical aspects[edit]The designers of the map have tackled a variety of problems in showing information as clearly as possible and have sometimes adopted different solutions. The font for the map, including station names, is Johnston, which uses perfect circles for the letter 'O'. This is historic and generic font for all Tf. L uses, from tube station facades to London bus destination blinds.[1. Line colours[edit]The table below shows the changing use of colours since Beck's first map. The current colours are taken from Transport for London's colour standards guide,[1. Pantone palette, and also a colour naming scheme that is particular to Tf. L. Earlier maps were limited by the number of colours available that could be clearly distinguished in print.
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